The antiestrogenic effects of black cohosh on BRCA1 and steroid receptors in breast cancer cells

dc.contributor.authorCrone, Michael
dc.contributor.authorHallman, Kelly
dc.contributor.authorLloyd, Victoria
dc.contributor.authorSzmyd, Monica
dc.contributor.authorBadamo, Briana
dc.contributor.authorMorse, Mia
dc.contributor.authorDinda, Sumi
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-17T17:49:48Z
dc.date.available2023-02-17T17:49:48Z
dc.date.issued2019-02-19
dc.description.abstractBackground: Black cohosh (BC) is an herbal remedy often used by women to treat symptoms associated with menopause. Research has shown that the molecular activity of BC is associated with estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) regulation. Progesterone receptor (PR) expression is found to be consistent with ER expression and mutations in the BRCA1 gene, a tumor-suppressor gene, are known to be responsible for about 40%–45% of hereditary breast cancers. Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of BC alone, as well as in combination with hormones and antihormones, on cell viability and expression of ER-α, PR, and BRCA1 in both T-47D and MCF-7 cell lines. Methods: Cells were cultured in charcoal-stripped serum prior to their treatment and subsequent protein extraction. Western blot analyses were performed following a Bio-Rad Bradford protein assay and SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis, with ECL luminescence and Image Studio Lite software. Cellular viability assays were performed using propidium iodine (PI) staining, and the distribution of fluorescent structures was evaluated through confocal microscopy. RT-qPCR analysis was performed on extracted cellular RNA. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software, and data was subjected to Kruskal-Wallis testing, followed by post-hoc analysis using the Mann-Whitney U-test to determine the statistical significance of all findings. Results: Western blot analysis displayed significant alterations of ER-α, PR, and BRCA1 protein levels after 24-hour treatment with 80–500 μM BC. BC displayed a concentration-dependent decrease on ER-α and BRCA1 expression, with an 87% reduction of ER-α expression and a 43% of BRCA1 expression in T-47D cells compared to control. After six days of treatment with 400 μM BC, a 50% decrease in cell proliferation was observed. Following 24 hours of co-treatment with 400 μM BC and 10 nM E2, ER-α was downregulated by 90% and BRCA1 expression was reduced by 70% compared to control. The expression of PR, following the same treatment, exhibited similar effects. The proliferative effect of E2 was reduced in the presence of BC. Conclusion: Black Cohosh demonstrates substantial anti-cancer properties, and this study may significantly aid in the understanding of the molecular effects of BC on ER-α, PR, and BRCA1 in breast cancer cells.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipCenter of Biomedical Research and Prevention Research Center, Honors College at Oakland University. The article received publishing support from the Kresge OA fund.en_US
dc.identifier.citationCrone, M., Hallman, K., Lloyd, V., Szmyd, M., Badamo, B., Morse, M., & Dinda, S. (2019). The antiestrogenic effects of black cohosh on BRCA1 and steroid receptors in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy, 99-110en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10323/12046
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.relation.journalBreast Cancer - Targets and Therapyen_US
dc.subjecttumor suppressoren_US
dc.subjectMCF-7en_US
dc.subjectT-47Den_US
dc.subjectantitumor agenten_US
dc.subjectnatural anticanceren_US
dc.subjectcancer treatmenten_US
dc.titleThe antiestrogenic effects of black cohosh on BRCA1 and steroid receptors in breast cancer cellsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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