The Impact of the Degree of Standardization and Stratification on Student Achievement, Equity, and Access

Abstract

Over the past several decades advancements in technology have created a global economy, influenced by political trends. Globalization has increased the demand for higher skilled workers, intensifying competition in the labor market. In 2018, 79 countries representing about 90 of the global economy participated in the The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) to understand performance differences and promote collaboration on education issues. This study used a mixed methodology approach to examine the impact of the degree of standardization and stratification on student achievement, equity and access. The study used international comparative data to identify key indicators of a highly standardized and stratified education system to develop a survey that was distributed to Career and Technical Education teachers and administrators across the state of Michigan. In addition, 5 CTE teachers were interviewed using a presentation of the findings.